The Gospel of John Chapter 20 doesn't just contain the purpose of the Gospel of John at it's conclusion. It contains the greatest story of victory ever told in history - HE IS RISEN! Jesus Christ was resurrected from the dead and then appeared to Mary Magdalene and the disciples. Enjoy your study of this magnificent story of victory and truth.
Who rolled away the stone from the tomb’s entrance according to Matthew Chapter 28? The angel of the Lord rolled away the stone. Matt 28:1-2: After the Sabbath, at dawn on the first day of the week, Mary Magdalene and the other Mary went to look at the tomb. 2 There was a violent earthquake, for an angel of the Lord came down from heaven and, going to the tomb, rolled back the stone and sat on it.
What does the Mark 16 tell us about the “we” in verse two of the Gospel of John and why Mary went to the tomb? There were 2 ladies with Mary when she went to the tomb. Mark 16:1: When the Sabbath was over, Mary Magdalene, Mary the mother of James, and Salome bought spices so that they might go to anoint Jesus' body.
Describe the reaction of the women to seeing the angels from the following verses:
- Matt 28:8 - In a hurry, afraid yet filled with joy
- Mark 16:5-8 - Alarmed, trembling, bewildered, and afraid
- Luke 24:5 - Frightened
What is it that Mary did not understand from a reading of verses 2 and 13 of the Gospel of John? That Jesus was to rise again from the dead.
What were the two messages Mary delivered that day to the disciples from this Chapter of the Gospel of John? How were the messages received by the disciples?
Message #1 was – They have taken Jesus, which was not believed.
Message #2 was – That Jesus had risen and appeared to her, which also was not believed.
Describe the mindset of Mary Magdalene at the following points in her day:
What were the two messages Mary delivered that day to the disciples from this Chapter of the Gospel of John? How were the messages received by the disciples?
Message #1 was – They have taken Jesus, which was not believed.
Message #2 was – That Jesus had risen and appeared to her, which also was not believed.
Describe the mindset of Mary Magdalene at the following points in her day:
- When she was on her way to the tomb before sunrise (John 20:1). Mindset: Hurry.
- After she arrived at the tomb and saw the stone rolled away (John 20:1). Mindset: Shock.
- On her way to tell Peter and John (John 20:2). Mindset: Confused.
- After Peter and John left as she stood outside the tomb weeping (John 20:11). Mindset: Sad.
- After the angels spoke to her (John 20:13). Mindset: Sad, Confused.
- When she saw the “gardener” (John 20:15). Mindset: Pleading.
- When she recognized Jesus (John 20:16). Mindset: Joy. Mindset: Joy followed by disappointment.
Why do you think Mary stayed at the tomb when Peter and John left, and why do you think she looked back into the tomb (Gospel of John vs 10-11)? Because she was mourning the apparent loss. She still couldn't believe it so she looked again, perhaps she noticed the angels.
Verse 8 says John “saw and believed.” What do you think it was that he believed? That he was gone and not that he had risen from the dead but that he was not there in the grave. Luke 24:11: But they did not believe the women, because their words seemed to them like nonsense.
What facts about Jesus’ in his resurrected body does this chapter of the Gospel of John tell us?
Verse 8 says John “saw and believed.” What do you think it was that he believed? That he was gone and not that he had risen from the dead but that he was not there in the grave. Luke 24:11: But they did not believe the women, because their words seemed to them like nonsense.
What facts about Jesus’ in his resurrected body does this chapter of the Gospel of John tell us?
- That you could see him
- That you could recognize him
- That you could touch him
- That you could see his wounds
- That he could speak
- That he could see
- That he could stand
- That he could breath
- That he could appear in a locked room
Why do you think Jesus showed the disciples his hands and his side as provided in verse 20 ? Perhaps he wanted to make sure they knew he had really died and was therefore rose again from the dead and that it was really him.
Why did Thomas not believe the other disciples? I am not sure, perhaps because he saw Jesus dead.
Read Acts 2:36-39, 10:39-43; and 13:38-40. What do you think was the disciples understanding of Jesus telling them “If you forgive anyone his sins, they are forgiven; if you do not forgive them, they are not forgiven." in verse 23 of the Gospel of John?
That sin is forgiven in the name of Jesus
Acts 2:36-39
36 "Therefore let all Israel be assured of this: God has made this Jesus, whom you crucified, both Lord and Christ." 37 When the people heard this, they were cut to the heart and said to Peter and the other apostles, "Brothers, what shall we do?" 38 Peter replied, "Repent and be baptized, every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins. And you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit. KJV
Acts 10:39-43
39 "We are witnesses of everything he did in the country of the Jews and in Jerusalem. They killed him by hanging him on a tree, 40 but God raised him from the dead on the third day and caused him to be seen. 41 He was not seen by all the people, but by witnesses whom God had already chosen-by us who ate and drank with him after he rose from the dead. 42 He commanded us to preach to the people and to testify that he is the one whom God appointed as judge of the living and the dead. 43 All the prophets testify about him that everyone who believes in him receives forgiveness of sins through his name." KJV
Acts 13:38-40
38 "Therefore, my brothers, I want you to know that through Jesus the forgiveness of sins is proclaimed to you. 39 Through him everyone who believes is justified from everything you could not be justified from by the law of Moses. KJV
Why did Thomas not believe the other disciples? I am not sure, perhaps because he saw Jesus dead.
Read Acts 2:36-39, 10:39-43; and 13:38-40. What do you think was the disciples understanding of Jesus telling them “If you forgive anyone his sins, they are forgiven; if you do not forgive them, they are not forgiven." in verse 23 of the Gospel of John?
That sin is forgiven in the name of Jesus
Acts 2:36-39
36 "Therefore let all Israel be assured of this: God has made this Jesus, whom you crucified, both Lord and Christ." 37 When the people heard this, they were cut to the heart and said to Peter and the other apostles, "Brothers, what shall we do?" 38 Peter replied, "Repent and be baptized, every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins. And you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit. KJV
Acts 10:39-43
39 "We are witnesses of everything he did in the country of the Jews and in Jerusalem. They killed him by hanging him on a tree, 40 but God raised him from the dead on the third day and caused him to be seen. 41 He was not seen by all the people, but by witnesses whom God had already chosen-by us who ate and drank with him after he rose from the dead. 42 He commanded us to preach to the people and to testify that he is the one whom God appointed as judge of the living and the dead. 43 All the prophets testify about him that everyone who believes in him receives forgiveness of sins through his name." KJV
Acts 13:38-40
38 "Therefore, my brothers, I want you to know that through Jesus the forgiveness of sins is proclaimed to you. 39 Through him everyone who believes is justified from everything you could not be justified from by the law of Moses. KJV
Summarize Jesus’ message to the disciples from his two appearances to them after his resurrection in this Chapter of the Gospel of John.
- Verses 19, 21, 26: Peace be with you
- Verse 20: It’s me
- Verse 21: As the Father has sent me, I am sending you
- Verse 22: Receive the Holy Spirit
- Verse 23: If you forgive anyone his sins, they are forgiven; if you do not forgive them, they are not forgiven
- Verse 26: Peace be with you
- Verse 27: Stop doubting and believe (Thomas)
- Verse 29: Blessed are those who have not seen and yet have believed
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